Monday, March 23, 2026

Uncle Tom's Trail

Beginning in 1898, park visitors could descend along a “trail” known as Uncle Tom's Trail to a viewpoint near the base of the Lower Yellowstone Falls in the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone. Constructed by park concessionaire "Uncle Tom" H. F. Richardson, the original trail included several rope ladders and 528 steps. As a private enterprise, Richardson guided clients into the canyon, and then afterwards would provide them with a picnic lunch. This photo was taken before 1905:
In 1905, the National Park Service assumed ownership of Uncle Tom's Trail, and then proceeded to make numerous improvements to the route. In addition to removing the ropes, they reduced the number of steps to “only” 328. However, this new trail only went three-quarters of the way into the canyon. Over the ensuing years, the park made additional improvements to the stairway system. In 2019, however, they closed the trail to all visitors, presumably forever. Here’s the improved Uncle Tom's Trail in 1906:




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Sunday, March 22, 2026

How did hikers measure trail distances before GPS?

Prior to the invention of GPS, one of the principle tools used by hikers and trail builders to measure distances between two points was a measuring wheel. Also known as a surveyor's wheel, clickwheel, hodometer, waywiser, trundle wheel, and perambulator, the measuring wheel was introduced by surveyors in England in the 17th century. By the early 1900s, the hiking community was using the instrument as well.

Since its original invention, the device has undergone many improvements. By the early 1900s it had basically evolved into a bicycle wheel attached to a pole. As it does today, the instrument measures the distance between two points by rolling the device along the ground. As the wheel completes a full rotation, a mechanical counter records the number of revolutions. The total distance is then calculated by multiplying the number of clicks by the circumference of the wheel.

Myron Avery, regarded as the person most responsible for the construction of the Appalachian Trail, famously pushed a measuring wheel along the route in the 1930s, and in the process became the first person to hike its entire length (in sections). Here he is along a stretch of the Appalachian Trail in Pennsylvania:
According to an article on the Appalachian Mountain Club website, “For the first edition [of the White Mountain Guide, published in 1907], AMC cartographer Louis Cutter fastened a cyclometer, a device that measures distance based on the rotation of a wheel, to the front half of a bicycle and walked it into the mountains.” Although I couldn’t find any other mentions of its usage prior to this date, there’s a very good chance that measuring wheels were used in the White Mountains (and other locales) prior to this timeframe.

You can read more about the pioneers of trail building in Ramble On: A History of Hiking.



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Virtually no one went hiking before the 19th century. What occurred that inspired ordinary people to take a walk through the woods for pleasure? Ramble On: A History of Hiking explores the rich history of hiking, and how it evolved into one of the most popular pastimes in the world.


Friday, March 20, 2026

Fire Weather Watch / Avalanche Danger in Rocky Mountain National Park

Rocky Mountain National Park posted these warnings on their social media earlier today:
A Fire Weather Watch is in effect for the east side of Rocky Mountain National Park and the surrounding area on Saturday, March 21 from 11 a.m. through 10 p.m.

Stage 2 Fire Restrictions remain in effect within Rocky Mountain National Park. This means that all campfires, including charcoal briquette fires, are not permitted anywhere within Rocky Mountain National Park. This fire ban will remain in effect until further notice.

However, petroleum-fueled stoves and grills may still be used in Moraine Park Campground, in designated picnic areas, and in designated wilderness campsites. Stoves must be able to be turned on and off. During the winter season, Moraine Park Campground is the only developed campground that is open inside RMNP.

Smoking is also prohibited inside the park, except within an enclosed vehicle, or stopped within a developed paved area devoid of vegetation for at least three feet. Visitors are reminded to properly extinguish all lighted smoking materials and dispose of properly. Fireworks are always prohibited within Rocky Mountain National Park.
And this:
Warm temperatures have led to increased avalanche danger in Rocky Mountain National Park. Avalanche conditions range from moderate to considerable in areas below, at, and above treeline.

On sunnier slopes, wet avalanches are a threat and avalanche conditions are dangerous and changing. Avalanches can be triggered by snowshoers, winter hikers, backcountry skiers, and even wildlife.

Before heading out into the backcountry, make sure that everyone in your group is avalanche aware. All members of your party should have rescue equipment, education, and experience to make informed decisions about traveling in avalanche terrain.

Backcountry travelers are urged to check the Colorado Avalanche Information Center's avalanche forecast frequently and be prepared to adjust plans.

Visit the Colorado Avalanche Information Center at https://avalanche.state.co.us/ and follow them on social media.




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Thursday, March 19, 2026

The “Blizzard Proof Jacket”

The following is an excerpt from my new book, Ramble On: A History of Hiking.

The first significant improvement in outdoor apparel was made as a result of a near-death experience during a winter fishing trip in 1935. After catching roughly one hundred pounds of steelhead salmon along the North Fork of the Skokomish River on the Olympic Peninsula, Eddie Bauer and his friend began hauling their heavy load up the steep canyon. Though it was cold and snowing, the men removed their wool coats to avoid overheating during their ascent. However, as Bauer neared the top of the climb, he realized that his underclothes had become coated with ice, and his body temperature was starting to drop. In an interview conducted several decades later, Bauer stated that he sat down next to a tree to take a
quick rest. After a short time he realized that he was becoming sleepy, which is usually an early sign of hypothermia, and fired off three rounds from his revolver to alert his friend, who was well ahead of him by this time. Fortunately for Bauer, his fishing buddy heard the shots and returned to revive him and escort him back to safety. Upon returning to his home in Seattle, Bauer immediately went to work on designing a garment that would help outdoorsmen stay warm and dry during harsh weather conditions, while eliminating the bulkiness and weight associated with heavy wool. During the following year, he introduced the “Skyliner,” the first quilted goose down jacket made in North America, and began advertising it as a “Blizzard Proof Jacket” in outdoor publications, such as Field and Stream. The breathable, lightweight coat, patterned with diamond-shaped baffles, revolutionized winter outdoor apparel. Over the next several years, Bauer designed and patented several other down-filled products, such as parkas, ski jackets, pants and sleeping bags. Members of the first American K2 expedition in 1953, as well as the first American Mt. Everest expedition in 1963, wore Eddie Bauer parkas.



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Virtually no one went hiking before the 19th century. What occurred that inspired ordinary people to take a walk through the woods for pleasure? Ramble On: A History of Hiking explores the rich history of hiking, and how it evolved into one of the most popular pastimes in the world.


Wednesday, March 18, 2026

Land on “14er” Mount Bross permanently added to national forest

Today, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service and The Conservation Fund announced the Forest Service’s purchase and permanent protection of 480 acres on Mount Bross from The Conservation Fund, which acquired the property last September to secure outstanding recreational opportunities and access to Colorado’s high mountain peaks.

The agency plans to manage the land on this “Fourteener” — or “14er,” a peak that rises above 14,000 feet — for public trail access and to protect critical headwaters and wildlife habitat. The purchase includes a portion of the DeCaLiBron Loop Trail — across Mounts Democrat, Cameron, Lincoln and Bross — between Mount Lincoln and Mount Bross. Local communities have expressed support for the acquisition, including Park County and the nearby towns of Alma and Fairplay, who depend on the recreation economy that Mount Bross supports and the water that it provides.

"We are excited to bring access and conservation efforts that will benefit the community and wildlife in such a popular recreation area," said Pike-San Isabel National Forests & Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands Forest and Grassland Supervisor Ryan Nehl. "We could not have accomplished this without the support of The Conservation Fund, Park County and many other partners, with whom we are honored to care for the land and ensure its protection for many generations to come."    

This announcement continues momentum on a multiyear initiative to protect Colorado’s 14ers. It builds on The Conservation Fund’s and Forest Service’s recent work in 2023 to add 289 acres to the national forest at the Kite Lake Trailhead and major portions of the DeCaLiBron trail, places on the 14ers that had been closed to hikers in past years. The Mount Bross purchase occurs at a key time, as Colorado, the “Centennial State,” celebrates its 150th statehood anniversary.  

  As part of the Pike-San Isabel National Forests & Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands, these 480 acres will protect the headwaters of the South Platte River, a vital source of drinking water, agricultural irrigation and a healthy downstream environment. They will also protect and strengthen critical wildlife corridors by preserving continuous, undeveloped habitats for elk, moose and bighorn sheep, easing the threat of human-wildlife encroachment.

While this acquisition protects land and improves overall access on Mount Bross, it does not include the summit, which remains privately owned. Consequently, public access to the summit remains restricted at this time.

Funding for the acquisition came from the Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF), which was permanently funded through the bipartisan Great American Outdoors Act signed by President Trump in 2020. LWCF, established in 1965, reinvests a small percentage of offshore energy revenues — not taxpayer dollars — in conservation and recreation access projects that support critical natural resources, wild habitats, historic sites and working lands. This project was made possible thanks to swift action by The Conservation Fund and in partnership with Park County, the Colorado Fourteeners Initiative, Mosquito Range Heritage Initiative, Colorado Mountain Club Foundation, and a local landowner, Earth Energy Resources, LLC. 

“Colorado Mountain Club Foundation is pleased to help with this important acquisition,” said John Lacher, a board member of the Colorado Mountain Club Foundation.



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  • New, improved and expanded edition on the history of hiking is now available on Amazon